Foliguet B, Desplechain C, Grignon G, Marchal L, Touati F
Bull Assoc Anat (Nancy). 1982 Sep;66(194):297-358.
The pulmonary parenchyma is characterized by a marked development of blood-tissue and gaz-tissue interfaces. Thus the study of the lung is easy by scanning electron microscopy. Numerous and various technics of sample preparation are described and discussed. They permit to carry out morphological and morphometrical studies of fine structures in the adult and foetal lung surface. The systematisation of the different parts of the pulmonary air tract (bronchi, bronchioli, alveolar ducts and alveoli) is analysed. The different epithelial cells are characterized by their apical differentiations and by their often specific localization. Bronchial (mucus), bronchiolar and alveolar (surfactant) secretions are studied after different fixations. The observation of the vascular network (arteries, veins and pulmonary capillaries) is performed after vascular injection of fixator liquid. The scanning electron microscope is also used to study the alveolar macrophage (in situ or in cell culture), the visceral surface of pleura, the pre and post-natal development of the lung parenchyma. The SEM is a complementary and modern method of lung observation. It gives a dynamic view of the fine structure of lung surfaces, which appears needful for the study of the local histophysiological processes.
肺实质的特点是血组织和气组织界面显著发育。因此，通过扫描电子显微镜研究肺很容易。本文描述并讨论了众多不同的样品制备技术。它们可用于对成人和胎儿肺表面的精细结构进行形态学和形态计量学研究。分析了肺气道不同部分（支气管、细支气管、肺泡管和肺泡）的系统化。不同的上皮细胞通过其顶端分化和通常特定的定位来表征。在不同固定后研究支气管（黏液）、细支气管和肺泡（表面活性剂）分泌物。在向血管注射固定液后观察血管网络（动脉、静脉和肺毛细血管）。扫描电子显微镜还用于研究肺泡巨噬细胞（原位或细胞培养）、胸膜脏面、肺实质的产前和产后发育。扫描电子显微镜是一种辅助性的现代肺观察方法。它提供了肺表面精细结构的动态视图，这对于研究局部组织生理过程似乎是必要的。
