Besch E L
Lab Anim Sci. 1980 Apr;30(2 Pt 2):385-406.
Maintenance of environmental quality for laboratory animals involves more than heat and moisture production of animals or room air changes per hour. Heating, ventilating and air conditioning of animal facilities allows control of room temperature and humidity, cage microenvironment, gaseous and particulate contamination, air distribution and diffusion, air quality and temperature differentials. However, other factors may influence environmental quality: population density, species of animals, and husbandry and sanitation practices. Because of all of these considerations, animal facilities tend to be energy intensive. Recommended environmental conditions are designed to satisfy physiological requirements of animals but prevent physiologic and psychophysiologic stresses. Analytical studies will provide necessary information to attain these goals and simultaneously reduce energy expenditures or minimize the need for expensive control systems.
实验动物环境质量的维持涉及的不仅仅是动物产生的热量和湿度或每小时的房间换气次数。实验动物设施的加热、通风和空调可控制室温、湿度、笼内微环境、气体和颗粒污染物、空气分布与扩散、空气质量以及温度差。然而，其他因素可能会影响环境质量：种群密度、动物种类以及饲养和卫生措施。考虑到所有这些因素，实验动物设施往往能源消耗量大。推荐的环境条件旨在满足动物的生理需求，但要防止生理和心理生理应激。分析研究将提供必要信息以实现这些目标，同时减少能源消耗或尽量减少对昂贵控制系统的需求。
