Hartmann E
J Psychiatr Res. 1982;17(2):107-13. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(82)90012-7.
Over the past 20 yr, 40 controlled studies have been described concerning the effects of L-tryptophan on human sleepiness and/or sleep. The weight of evidence indicates that L-tryptophan in doses of 1 g or more produces an increase in rated subjective sleepiness and a decrease in sleep latency (time to sleep). There are less firm data suggesting that L-tryptophan may have additional effects such as decrease in total wakefulness and/or increase in sleep time. Best results (in terms of positive effects on sleep or sleepiness) have been found in subjects with mild insomnia, or in normal subjects reporting a longer-than-average sleep latency. Mixed or negative results occur in entirely normal subjects--who are not appropriate subjects since there is "no room for improvement". Mixed results are also reported in severe insomniacs and in patients with serious medical or psychiatric illness.
在过去20年里，已有40项对照研究描述了L-色氨酸对人类嗜睡和/或睡眠的影响。证据表明，1克或更高剂量的L-色氨酸会使主观嗜睡评分增加，睡眠潜伏期（入睡时间）缩短。有不太确凿的数据表明，L-色氨酸可能还有其他作用，如减少总觉醒时间和/或增加睡眠时间。在轻度失眠患者或报告睡眠潜伏期长于平均水平的正常受试者中，发现了最佳效果（对睡眠或嗜睡有积极影响）。在完全正常的受试者中会出现混合或负面结果——这些受试者并不合适，因为他们“没有改善空间”。在严重失眠患者以及患有严重内科或精神疾病患者中也报告了混合结果。
