Vaughan L, Carmel P W, Dyrenfurth I, Frantz A G, Antunes J L, Ferin M
Neuroendocrinology. 1980;30(2):70-5. doi: 10.1159/000122978.
The effects of pituitary stalk section on anterior pituitary secretion were studied in 20 female rhesus monkeys. Vascular connections between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland were permanently interrupted in all but 4 animals. Prolactin levels rose rapidly and remained significantly elevated in all effectively stalk-sectioned animals for as long as the observation period (up to 3 years). Only smaller and transient elevations of prolactin were seen in the animals in which revascularization of the anterior pituitary gland had occurred. Growth hormone and cortisol were significantly decreased after stalk section, and were not released by insulin. Radioimmunoassayable luteinizing hormone (LH) levels decreased following surgery and, by bioassay, LH became undetectable within 5 weeks after stalk section, indicating that gonadotropin-releasing hormone is essential for the viability of the gonadotrope. The results indicate that plasma prolactin concentrations can be used to monitor completeness of pituitary gland isolation from direct hypothalamic influence. Stalk-sectioned monkeys provide good models to study direct pituitary effects of various hormones or drugs.
在20只雌性恒河猴身上研究了垂体柄切断对垂体前叶分泌的影响。除4只动物外，其余所有动物下丘脑与垂体之间的血管连接均被永久性中断。在所有有效的垂体柄切断动物中，催乳素水平迅速上升，并在整个观察期（长达3年）内持续显著升高。在垂体前叶发生血管再通的动物中，仅观察到催乳素较小且短暂的升高。垂体柄切断后，生长激素和皮质醇显著降低，且不受胰岛素释放的影响。放射免疫法测定的促黄体生成素（LH）水平在手术后下降，通过生物测定法，在垂体柄切断后5周内LH无法检测到，这表明促性腺激素释放激素对促性腺细胞的存活至关重要。结果表明，血浆催乳素浓度可用于监测垂体与下丘脑直接影响隔离的完整性。垂体柄切断的猴子为研究各种激素或药物对垂体的直接作用提供了良好的模型。
