苯巴比妥与苯妥英钠治疗癫痫大发作的比较。
Phenobarbital vs. phenytoin for grand mal epilepsy.
作者信息
Livingston S, Pauli L L, Pruce I, Kramer I I
出版信息
Am Fam Physician. 1980 Aug;22(2):123-7.
PMID:6773400
Abstract
The chief side effect of phenobarbital is drowsiness, which is usually associated with overdosage. Phenytoin, on the other hand, causes gingival hyperplasia in many patients, irreversible hypertrichosis in some patients and lethal reactions, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, in a few patients. Antiepileptic therapy should always be started with one drug. Phenytoin is specifically contraindicated as the drug of first choice for infants, females (especially adolescents) and children receiving orthodontic treatment.
摘要
苯巴比妥的主要副作用是嗜睡，这通常与用药过量有关。另一方面，苯妥英钠会使许多患者出现牙龈增生，一些患者出现不可逆的多毛症，少数患者出现致死性反应，如史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合征。抗癫痫治疗应始终从一种药物开始。对于婴儿、女性（尤其是青少年）以及接受正畸治疗的儿童，苯妥英钠特别禁忌作为首选药物。
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