Braveny I, Heindl W, Machka K
Infection. 1980;8 Suppl 3:S 234-8.
The effect was studied of combinations of chloramphenicol with beta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin, ampicillin, cefotiam and cefotaxime, on 20 strains each of Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis. No antagonism was observed using the checkerboard titration method. In most cases no interaction could be established. An evaluation by the fractional inhibitory concentration index was discussed: only values above 2 were interpreted as antagonism. The minimal bactericidal concentrations of chloramphenicol were identical with the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) - i. e. the antibiotic acted bactericidally on the species tested. Further investigations on the killing kinetics have shown that chloramphenicol in low concentrations can cause a delay in the bactericidal action of the antibiotic with which it is combined in the first few hours. At higher concentrations (more than double the MIC) the killing kinetics approximate those of the individual antibiotics. It is improbable that the minor delays in killing are of clinical significance. The combination is almost as effective as chloramphenicol.
研究了氯霉素与β-内酰胺类抗生素（如青霉素、氨苄西林、头孢替安和头孢噻肟）联合使用对20株流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎链球菌和脑膜炎奈瑟菌的影响。采用棋盘滴定法未观察到拮抗作用。在大多数情况下，无法确定相互作用。讨论了用部分抑菌浓度指数进行评估：只有大于2的值才被解释为拮抗作用。氯霉素的最低杀菌浓度与最低抑菌浓度（MIC）相同，即该抗生素对受试菌种具有杀菌作用。对杀菌动力学的进一步研究表明，低浓度的氯霉素在最初几个小时内会延迟与其联合使用的抗生素的杀菌作用。在较高浓度（超过MIC的两倍）时，杀菌动力学接近各单一抗生素的情况。杀菌作用的轻微延迟不太可能具有临床意义。联合用药几乎与氯霉素一样有效。
