Goh K T
Ann Acad Med Singap. 1980 Apr;9(2):136-41.
257 cases of acute hepatitis B were reported between January 1977 and June 1979. This constituted about one-third of all reported acute viral hepatitis cases in Singapore. The mean annual morbidity and mortality rates per 100,000 was 4.4 and 0.12 respectively. The case-fatality rate was 2.7%. The age-specific morbidity rates were high in the 15-24 and 25-34 years age groups, while the ethnic specific morbidity rate was highest in Indians. The male to female ratio was 4.6: 1. Cases were concentrated in urban and suburban areas with high population density. Three outbreaks, one traced to contaminated needles and syringes, one to contaminated tattoo neeedles, and amongst close contacts, were described. Although parenteral procedures were associated with hepatitis B infection (p < 0.005), non-parenteral or inapparent parenteral mode of transmission probably contributes to a significant extent in the transmission of hepatitis B in Singapore. Studies to determine the role of perinatal transmission, and of vectors, in maintaining the endemicity of the disease, were suggested.
1977年1月至1979年6月期间报告了257例急性乙型肝炎病例。这约占新加坡所有报告的急性病毒性肝炎病例的三分之一。每10万人的年均发病率和死亡率分别为4.4和0.12。病死率为2.7%。15 - 24岁和25 - 34岁年龄组的年龄别发病率较高，而印度人的种族别发病率最高。男女比例为4.6:1。病例集中在人口密度高的城市和郊区。描述了三次暴发，一次追溯到受污染的针头和注射器，一次追溯到受污染的纹身针，还有一次发生在密切接触者中。虽然非肠道操作与乙型肝炎感染有关（p<0.005），但非肠道或不明显的非肠道传播方式可能在新加坡乙型肝炎的传播中起了很大作用。建议开展研究以确定围产期传播和媒介在维持该疾病地方性流行中的作用。
