Buckley N M, Charney A N, Brazeau P, Cabili S, Frasier I D
Am J Physiol. 1981 Apr;240(4):F276-81. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.1981.240.4.F276.
Renal and cardiac effects of norepinephrine and dopamine were evaluated in swine aged 1 wk, 2 wk, and 6 mo. The swine were anesthetized with pentobarbital (20-30 mg/kg). Aortic pressure, right ventricular pressure and its first derivative, and heart rate were recorded, together with carotid and renal (RBF) arterial flows. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was determined by [14C]inulin clearance. After a control period, norepinephrine or dopamine was infused intravenously for 10-20 min before and then during another clearance period. After a second control period, the second catecholamine was infused. GFR increased in piglets given either catecholamine. Norepinephrine at equipressor doses (2.0 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 in piglets and 1.0 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 in mature swine) decreased RBF and increased renal resistance. Dopamine at equi-inotropic doses (10 micrograms.kg-1 min-1 in piglets and 20 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 in mature swine) increased RBF and decreased renal resistance only in mature swine. Infusions of dopamine at a low dose (5 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) also failed to increase RBF or decrease renal resistance in piglets. The results suggest that maturation of the mechanism of renal vasodilation by dopamine occurs later than that for vasoconstriction by norepinephrine.
对1周龄、2周龄和6月龄的猪评估了去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺对肾脏及心脏的影响。猪用戊巴比妥（20 - 30mg/kg）麻醉。记录主动脉压、右心室压及其一阶导数、心率，以及颈动脉和肾动脉血流量（RBF）。肾小球滤过率（GFR）通过[14C]菊粉清除率测定。在一个对照期后，在另一个清除期之前和期间静脉输注去甲肾上腺素或多巴胺10 - 20分钟。在第二个对照期后，输注第二种儿茶酚胺。给予任何一种儿茶酚胺的仔猪GFR均增加。等压力剂量的去甲肾上腺素（仔猪为2.0μg·kg-1·min-1，成年猪为1.0μg·kg-1·min-1）使RBF降低并增加肾阻力。等变力剂量的多巴胺（仔猪为10μg·kg-1·min-1，成年猪为20μg·kg-1·min-1）仅在成年猪中增加RBF并降低肾阻力。低剂量（5μg·kg-1·min-1）多巴胺输注也未能增加仔猪的RBF或降低其肾阻力。结果表明，多巴胺介导的肾血管舒张机制的成熟比去甲肾上腺素介导的血管收缩机制的成熟要晚。
