Thadepalli H, Mandal A K, Rambhatla K, Bach V T
Chemotherapy. 1981;27(5):340-9. doi: 10.1159/000238002.
Enterococcal endocarditis in man is traditionally treated with penicillin and an aminoglycoside. Whether penicillin alone is adequate has not been fully evaluated. Experimental enterococcal endocarditis (EEE) in male New Zealand rabbits, when untreated, was fatal in all animals within 2 weeks. When crystalline penicillin G was given at 30,000 U/day in three equally divided doses, the fatality rate was 63.3%; when the dosage was increased to 600,000 U/day, the mortality ws 37.5%, demonstrating the ineffectiveness of crystalline penicillin alone in EEE. Procaine penicillin at 300,000 U/day given as a single dose provided increased protection, but was still associated with unacceptably high mortality (17.5%). A higher dose level, 600,000 U/day, of procaine penicillin protected all animals with EEE. High and sustained levels of penicillin in the serum and the myocardium cured enterococcal endocarditis in rabbits.
传统上，人类肠球菌性心内膜炎采用青霉素和一种氨基糖苷类药物进行治疗。单独使用青霉素是否足够尚未得到充分评估。雄性新西兰兔的实验性肠球菌性心内膜炎（EEE）若不治疗，所有动物在2周内都会死亡。当以每天30,000单位的剂量分三次等量给予结晶青霉素G时，死亡率为63.3%；当剂量增加到每天600,000单位时，死亡率为37.5%，这表明单独使用结晶青霉素对EEE无效。每天300,000单位的普鲁卡因青霉素单剂量给药可提供更高的保护，但死亡率仍高得令人无法接受（17.5%）。更高剂量水平（每天600,000单位）的普鲁卡因青霉素可保护所有患有EEE的动物。血清和心肌中高且持续的青霉素水平可治愈兔的肠球菌性心内膜炎。
