MacLeon W C, Lopez de Romaña G, Placko R P, Graham G G
J Nutr. 1981 Nov;111(11):1928-36. doi: 10.1093/jn/111.11.1928.
The protein quality and digestibility of two high lysine (2.9-3.0 g/100 g protein) and tow conventional varieties (lysine content 2.1-2.2 g/100 g protein) of whole grain sorghum milled as flour were assessed through balance studies in 13 children 6-30 months of age. Sorghum protein provided 6.4 or 8.0% of dietary energy. Control diets contained 64% kcal protein as casein. Children consumed 100-150 kcal/kg body weight/day. Sorghum consumption was associated with weight loss or poor weight gain. We found no difference by variety in apparent nitrogen absorption or retention. Mean absorption and retention of nitrogen (+/- SD) from 26 six-day sorghum dietary periods were 46 +/- 17% and 14 +/- 10% of intake, respectively (corresponding preceding casein control values: 81 +/- 5% and 38 +/- 3%). Stool weight and energy losses during sorghum periods averaged 2.5 to 3 times control values. Plasma amino acids were determined in eleven children after 16 days of sorghum consumption. Fasting concentration of total amino acids (TAA) was similar to values previously obtained with wheat protein at similar levels of intake. Total concentration of essential amino acids (TEAA) was low as were concentrations of lysine (Lys) and threonine (Thr). Analysis of postprandial changes of the Lys/TEAA and Thr/TEAA molar ratios confirmed that Lys was the first limiting amino acid.
通过对13名6至30个月大儿童进行平衡研究，评估了两种高赖氨酸（2.9 - 3.0克/100克蛋白质）和两种传统品种（赖氨酸含量2.1 - 2.2克/100克蛋白质）的全谷物高粱磨成面粉后的蛋白质质量和消化率。高粱蛋白提供了膳食能量的6.4%或8.0%。对照饮食中64%的千卡能量来自酪蛋白。儿童每天摄入100 - 150千卡/千克体重。食用高粱与体重减轻或体重增加不佳有关。我们发现不同品种在表观氮吸收或保留方面没有差异。26个为期6天的高粱饮食期的氮平均吸收和保留量（±标准差）分别为摄入量的46 ± 17%和14 ± 10%（相应的前酪蛋白对照值为：81 ± 5%和38 ± 3%）。高粱饮食期间的粪便重量和能量损失平均为对照值的2.5至3倍。在11名儿童食用高粱16天后测定了血浆氨基酸。总氨基酸（TAA）的空腹浓度与之前在类似摄入量水平下食用小麦蛋白时获得的值相似。必需氨基酸（TEAA）的总浓度较低，赖氨酸（Lys）和苏氨酸（Thr）的浓度也较低。对赖氨酸/必需氨基酸和苏氨酸/必需氨基酸摩尔比的餐后变化分析证实，赖氨酸是第一限制氨基酸。
