Jost U
MMW Munch Med Wochenschr. 1981 Oct 9;123(41):1529-32.
Accidental drowning caused asphyxia which without active intervention leads to hypoxemic lesions of the entire organic system, the brain being the weakest spot. Contrary to earlier ideas derived from animal experiments, differentiation into the various pathomechanisms of drowning is irrelevant for emergency treatment and intensive medical aftercare. In all cases, arterial hypoxemia with its consequences are the main problem. Whereas in serious cases the victim of drowning is of necessity given modern intensive treatment, there is a danger for the less severe cases of "near-drowning" that intensive treatment does not appear essential at first and consequently they are usually neglected.
意外溺水会导致窒息，若不进行积极干预，会引发整个机体系统的低氧性损伤，其中大脑是最脆弱的部位。与早期从动物实验得出的观点相反，区分溺水的各种病理机制对于紧急治疗和强化医疗后续护理并无关联。在所有情况下，动脉低氧血症及其后果才是主要问题。虽然在严重病例中，溺水受害者必然会接受现代强化治疗，但对于不太严重的“近乎溺水”病例存在一种风险，即一开始强化治疗似乎并非必不可少，因此这些病例通常被忽视。
