Hofmann H
Wien Med Wochenschr. 1981 Sep 15;131(17):407-14.
Hepatitis A is diagnosed by the detection of specific IgM-antibodies. The virus itself can be found in stool specimens. Gammaglobulin is useful in prophylaxis of Hepatitis A. In the course of Hepatitis A HBs- and HBe-antigen as well as HBc(IgM and IgG)-, HBs- and HBe-antibodies can be detected. By analysis of this parameters information is obtained about acute or chronic hepatitis as well as about the probability of infectivity of a blood sample. Hepatitis Non A Non B is most important after blood transfusion and shows a strong tendency to chronicity. So far no test for specific diagnosis exists in practice. Besides the agents mentioned a hepatitis also can be caused by cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr-virus and some tropical viruses.
甲型肝炎通过检测特异性 IgM 抗体来诊断。病毒本身可在粪便标本中发现。丙种球蛋白对预防甲型肝炎有用。在甲型肝炎病程中，可检测到 HBs 和 HBe 抗原以及 HBc（IgM 和 IgG）、HBs 和 HBe 抗体。通过分析这些参数，可获得有关急性或慢性肝炎以及血样传染性概率的信息。非甲非乙型肝炎在输血后最为重要，且有很强的慢性化倾向。目前在实践中尚无特异性诊断检测方法。除上述病原体外，肝炎还可由巨细胞病毒、EB 病毒和一些热带病毒引起。
