Munsinger H, Rabin A
Child Dev. 1978 Jun;49(2):537-9.
Self-reports about 70 masculine and feminine behaviors were collected from 177 undergraduates and their families. These self-report scores were correlated within family pairs to assess family resemblances in masculine or feminine preferences. The obtained family correlations were compared with those predicted by a simple additive-genetic theory, an X- linkage model, and a same-sex identification theory of gender-identity acquisition. The obtained pattern of correlations (mother x daughter=.26, sister x sister=.28, father x son=.33, and brother x brother=.23, all other family correlations near 0) strongly rejects the X-linkage and simple additive-genetic models of gender-identity acquisition. On the other hand, the obtained family correlations are quite consistent with a same-sex theory of gender identification, although, of course, within-family correlations only suggest causal relations, they do not prove them. Other factors such as social class could affect sex role identification as well.
从177名本科生及其家庭成员那里收集了关于70种男性化和女性化行为的自我报告。这些自我报告得分在家庭成员对之间进行关联，以评估在男性化或女性化偏好方面的家庭相似性。将获得的家庭相关性与简单加性遗传理论、X连锁模型以及性别认同获得的同性认同理论所预测的相关性进行比较。所获得的相关模式（母亲与女儿的相关系数为0.26，姐妹与姐妹的相关系数为0.28，父亲与儿子的相关系数为0.33，兄弟与兄弟的相关系数为0.23，所有其他家庭相关性接近0）强烈否定了性别认同获得的X连锁和简单加性遗传模型。另一方面，所获得的家庭相关性与性别认同的同性理论相当一致，不过，当然，家庭内部的相关性仅表明因果关系，并不证明它们。社会阶层等其他因素也可能影响性别角色认同。
