Nicolle L E, Postl B, Kotelewetz E, Remillard F, Bourgault A M, Albritton W, Harding G K, Ronald A
J Infect Dis. 1982 Jan;145(1):103-9. doi: 10.1093/infdis/145.1.103.
Community chemoprophylaxis with a regimen of sequential minocycline/rifampin (adults) or rifampin alone (children [less than 12 years of age]) was undertaken in a remote Arctic community one year after an outbreak of meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B. Nasopharyngeal carriage rates of N. meningitidis before prophylaxis were 32.4% in Inuit (Eskimos) and 6% in Caucasians, with maximal carriage (44.8%) in adolescents. Serogroup B accounted for 63.9% of all isolates before prophylaxis. One week after prophylaxis, the nasopharyngeal carriage rates were 0.8% in Inuit who had received prophylaxis and 33.3% in those who had not received prophylaxis (P less than 0.005). This reduction persisted at nine weeks after prophylaxis, when carriage rates were 1.2% in those who had received prophylaxis and 22.6% in individuals who had not received prophylaxis. Of the strains obtained before prophylaxis, 7.8% were sulfadiazine-resistant, whereas 35% of all isolates obtained from prophylaxis were sulfadiazine-resistant. Rifampin- or minocycline-resistant strains were not identified either before or after prophylaxis.
在因B群脑膜炎奈瑟菌引起的脑膜炎暴发一年后，在一个偏远的北极社区开展了社区化学预防，成人采用米诺环素/利福平序贯疗法，12岁以下儿童单独使用利福平。预防前，因纽特人（爱斯基摩人）的脑膜炎奈瑟菌鼻咽携带率为32.4%，高加索人为6%，青少年携带率最高（44.8%）。预防前，B群占所有分离株的63.9%。预防一周后，接受预防的因纽特人的鼻咽携带率为0.8%，未接受预防的为33.3%（P<0.005）。这种降低在预防九周后仍然存在，接受预防者的携带率为1.2%，未接受预防者为22.6%。预防前获得的菌株中，7.8%对磺胺嘧啶耐药，而预防后获得的所有分离株中35%对磺胺嘧啶耐药。预防前后均未鉴定出对利福平或米诺环素耐药的菌株。
