Webber C L, Speck D F
Respir Physiol. 1981 Dec;46(3):327-44. doi: 10.1016/0034-5687(81)90130-4.
Periodic breathing of the Biot or cluster type was induced in spontaneously breathing, pentobarbital anesthetized cats by placing bilateral lesions within the pneumotaxic system of the rostral pons. Control lesions positioned outside of the critical nuclei never resulted in Biot breathing. The periodic pattern was characterized by clusters of breaths which were separated by distinct periods of apnea and was clearly not of Cheyne-Stokes quality. Test gas challenges inducing hypoxia and hypercapnia tended to diminish the apneic breatholds, whereas hyperoxia potentiated the periodic breathing by increasing the duration of the non-ventilatory phase. Only hypercapnia significantly altered the tidal volume of Biot breaths by increasing the depth of breathing. No conclusions can be drawn as to whether the Biot pattern arises from an inherent central respiratory controller periodicity, or from oscillations in arterial blood gas tensions and peripheral chemoreceptor (and mechanoreceptor) inputs. It is suggested that the experimental model for Biot breathing may be of unique importance for studying the control of expiratory duration, particularly apnea. Also, it is of interest that similar breathing patterns and gas responses occur in the neonate and adult.
通过在延髓脑桥的呼吸调节系统内制造双侧损伤，在戊巴比妥麻醉、自主呼吸的猫身上诱发了比奥呼吸或丛集式周期性呼吸。位于关键核团之外的对照损伤从未导致比奥呼吸。这种周期性模式的特点是呼吸丛集，其间有明显的呼吸暂停期，显然不是陈-施呼吸的性质。诱发低氧和高碳酸血症的试验气体刺激往往会缩短呼吸暂停期，而高氧则通过增加非通气期的时长来增强周期性呼吸。只有高碳酸血症通过增加呼吸深度显著改变了比奥呼吸的潮气量。关于比奥呼吸模式是源于内在的中枢呼吸控制器周期性，还是源于动脉血气张力和外周化学感受器（及机械感受器）输入的振荡，目前尚无定论。有人认为，比奥呼吸的实验模型对于研究呼气时长的控制，尤其是呼吸暂停的控制，可能具有独特的重要性。此外，新生儿和成年人出现类似的呼吸模式和气体反应也很有意思。
