Osterballe O
Allergy. 1982 Apr;37(3):169-77. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1982.tb01893.x.
In a double blind 3-year prospective study 40 grass pollen allergic patients were allocated to specific immunotherapy (hyposensitization) with two timothy major allergens, 19, 25, or partially purified timothy extract. The extracts were biologically standardized and coupled to aluminium hydroxide for treatment. Efficacy of hyposensitization was evaluated by titrated nasal provocations and skin prick tests with the two treatment extracts and a five-gram mixture. The threshold dose for skin prick test (skin thresholds) produced reactions identical to histamine chloride 5.43 mmol/l and the threshold dose for nasal provocations (nasal thresholds) produced two of the three reactions: at least 0.5 ml of nasal secretion, at least five sneezes, and/or at least a 20% fall in nasal peak flow. Nasal thresholds showed highest efficacy from partially purified timothy extract but equal protection against timothy and the five-grass mixture. Nasal thresholds of 14 untreated patients corresponded to treatment with the two major allergens. Changes in skin and nasal thresholds after 12 and after 54 weeks of treatment predicted the severity of hay fever. Increase in nasal thresholds coincided with a marked effect on asthma. Nasal thresholds below 1 HEP before treatment predicted major systemic side effects.
在一项双盲3年前瞻性研究中，40名草花粉过敏患者被分配接受针对两种梯牧草主要变应原（19、25）或部分纯化的梯牧草提取物的特异性免疫疗法（减敏疗法）。提取物经过生物学标准化处理，并与氢氧化铝结合用于治疗。通过用两种治疗提取物和一种五草混合物进行滴定鼻激发试验和皮肤点刺试验来评估减敏疗法的疗效。皮肤点刺试验的阈值剂量（皮肤阈值）产生的反应与5.43 mmol/l氯化组胺相同，鼻激发试验的阈值剂量（鼻阈值）产生三种反应中的两种：至少0.5 ml鼻分泌物、至少五个喷嚏和/或鼻峰值流量至少下降20%。鼻阈值显示部分纯化的梯牧草提取物疗效最高，但对梯牧草和五草混合物的防护效果相同。14名未治疗患者的鼻阈值相当于接受两种主要变应原治疗的情况。治疗12周和54周后皮肤和鼻阈值的变化可预测花粉热的严重程度。鼻阈值的增加与对哮喘的显著疗效一致。治疗前鼻阈值低于1 HEP预示会出现主要的全身副作用。
