Puolakka J, Kauppila A, Tuimala R, Jouppila R, Vuori J
Obstet Gynecol. 1983 Jan;61(1):19-21.
The norepinephrine concentration in 77 umbilical, arterial, and venous plasma samples, and in 31 simultaneous maternal plasma samples, was measured. The mean (+/- SEM) of 8.7 +/- 1.9 ng/ml in the umbilical artery was higher (P less than .001) than that of 3.6 +/- 0.9 ng/ml in the umbilical vein. In paired fetal-maternal venous samples the norepinephrine concentration of 3.8 +/- 1.7 ng/ml in the fetus was higher (P less than .05) than that of 0.3 +/- 0.1 ng/ml in the mother. Among the different types of vaginal deliveries the umbilical arterial norepinephrine concentrations were: 5.8 +/- 2.1 ng/ml in uncomplicated vaginal deliveries; 16.4 +/- 2.1 ng/ml in breech deliveries (P less than .05 as compared with uncomplicated vaginal deliveries); 8.8 +/- 2.5 ng/ml in vacuum extraction deliveries; and 0.8 +/- 0.3 ng/ml and 11.3 +/- 7.7 ng/ml in twin A and twin B deliveries, respectively. All these values were higher (P less than .001) than those after elective cesarean section, except that for twin A, which was lower (P less than .01) than that for twin B, indicating that labor and vaginal delivery induced activation of the fetal sympathoadrenal system.
测定了77份脐血、动脉血和静脉血血浆样本以及31份同时采集的母体血浆样本中的去甲肾上腺素浓度。脐动脉中去甲肾上腺素浓度的平均值（±标准误）为8.7±1.9 ng/ml，高于脐静脉中的3.6±0.9 ng/ml（P<0.001）。在配对的胎儿-母体静脉样本中，胎儿体内去甲肾上腺素浓度为3.8±1.7 ng/ml，高于母体中的0.3±0.1 ng/ml（P<0.05）。在不同类型的阴道分娩中，脐动脉去甲肾上腺素浓度分别为：顺产时5.8±2.1 ng/ml；臀位分娩时16.4±2.1 ng/ml（与顺产相比，P<0.05）；真空吸引分娩时8.8±2.5 ng/ml；双胎A和双胎B分娩时分别为0.8±0.3 ng/ml和11.3±7.7 ng/ml。除双胎A低于双胎B（P<0.01）外，所有这些值均高于择期剖宫产术后的值（P<0.001），表明分娩和阴道分娩会诱导胎儿交感肾上腺系统的激活。
