Marler P, Sherman V
J Neurosci. 1983 Mar;3(3):517-31. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.03-03-00517.1983.
Motor patterns of songs of swamp and song sparrows, Melospiza georgiana and M. melodia, deafened early in life display a significant degree of species-specific structure. Normal songs of the two species differ in the degree to which they are segmented. Swamp sparrow song consists of a single segment, and song sparrow songs are multisegmental. Song and swamp sparrows were deafened at 17 to 23 days, prior to the onset of song or subsong. The song sparrows developed more segments in their singing than the swamp sparrows. Species-specific trends were also evident in song durations and frequency characteristics. Abnormalities were found, however, in the morphology of the notes and syllables from which songs of early deafened sparrows are constructed. These results require emendation of the auditory template hypothesis of song learning in birds.
生活早期致聋的沼泽带鹀和歌带鹀（Melospiza georgiana和M. melodia）歌声的运动模式呈现出显著程度的物种特异性结构。这两个物种的正常歌声在分段程度上有所不同。沼泽带鹀的歌声由单个片段组成，而歌带鹀的歌声是多片段的。歌带鹀和沼泽带鹀在17至23日龄时致聋，此时歌声或亚歌声尚未开始。歌带鹀唱出的片段比沼泽带鹀更多。在歌声时长和频率特征方面，物种特异性趋势也很明显。然而，在早期致聋的带鹀歌声所构成的音符和音节形态中发现了异常。这些结果需要对鸟类歌声学习的听觉模板假说进行修正。
