Hansen E S
Am J Epidemiol. 1983 Feb;117(2):160-4. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113526.
A mortality study of 713 male chimney sweeps in Denmark was performed. The observed number of deaths in 1970-1975 was compared with the expected number, calculated from cohort, period, and cause-specific death rates for employed Danish males. A total of 38 deaths was observed compared with the 18.3 deaths expected (p less than 0.01). Cancer accounted for 12 deaths versus 5.3 expected (p less than 0.05), ischemic heart disease for 12 deaths versus 5.4 expected (p less than 0.05), and residual causes for 14 deaths versus 7.6 expected (p less than 0.05). The excess mortality was exclusively due to cancer and ischemic heart disease among chimney sweeps in the older age group (45-74 years), whereas a high mortality due to other causes was observed among the younger sweeps (15-44 years). It is concluded that heavy inhalation exposure to products from the combustion of fossil fuel leads to an increased individual risk of cancer and ischemic heart disease and substantially reduces the time until occurrence of these diseases.
对丹麦713名男性烟囱清洁工进行了一项死亡率研究。将1970 - 1975年观察到的死亡人数与根据丹麦在职男性的队列、时期和特定病因死亡率计算出的预期死亡人数进行比较。观察到的死亡总数为38例，而预期死亡人数为18.3例（p<0.01）。癌症导致12例死亡，预期为5.3例（p<0.05）；缺血性心脏病导致12例死亡，预期为5.4例（p<0.05）；其他原因导致14例死亡，预期为7.6例（p<0.05）。超额死亡率完全归因于年龄较大组（45 - 74岁）烟囱清洁工中的癌症和缺血性心脏病，而在较年轻的清洁工组（15 - 44岁）中观察到因其他原因导致的高死亡率。研究得出结论，大量吸入化石燃料燃烧产物会增加个体患癌症和缺血性心脏病的风险，并显著缩短这些疾病发生的时间。
