Sargent J
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1983 Mar;4(1):50-6.
Pediatric care for chronic illness necessarily involves the sick child's family. Effective medical care includes knowledge of the family as a social system and an understanding of the challenges that chronic illness in childhood brings to both the ill child and his family. Several potential difficulties may arise for the family, including overprotection of the ill child, the development of a split in the marriage as one parent cares exclusively for the ill child, and disruption of the remainder of family life. Specific characteristics of family interaction have been associated with varieties of medical difficulties and psychosocial maladaptation for the child. Pediatric care should include family interventions which enhance the family's ability to manage the chronic illness as well as improve their child's psychosocial status. Structural family therapy has been demonstrated to be effective in treating severe family maladaptation to chronic illness and in significantly improving the child's condition. The tenets of family therapy for maladaptation to chronic illness are also reviewed.
慢性病患儿的护理必然涉及患病儿童的家庭。有效的医疗护理包括了解家庭作为一个社会系统，以及理解儿童慢性病给患病儿童及其家庭带来的挑战。家庭可能会出现几个潜在困难，包括对患病儿童过度保护、随着一方父母专门照顾患病儿童而导致婚姻关系破裂，以及家庭其他生活的中断。家庭互动的特定特征与儿童的各种医疗困难和心理社会适应不良有关。儿科护理应包括家庭干预，以提高家庭管理慢性病的能力，并改善其孩子的心理社会状况。结构家庭治疗已被证明在治疗家庭对慢性病的严重适应不良以及显著改善儿童状况方面是有效的。还对针对慢性病适应不良的家庭治疗原则进行了综述。
