Isolation and characterization of interspecific heat-resistant hybrids between a temperature-sensitive chinese hamster cell asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase mutant and normal human leukocytes: assignment of human asnS gene to chromosome 18.

We isolated interspecific somatic cell hybrids between human peripheral leukocytes and a temperature-sensitive CHO cell line with a thermolabile asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase. The hybrids were selected at 39 degrees C so as to require the expression of the human gene complementing the deficient CHO enzyme. In vitro heat-inactivation profiles of cell-free extracts from temperature-resistant hybrid cells indicate the presence of two forms of asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase. One form is very resistant to thermal inactivation, like the normal human enzyme, while the other form is very thermolabile, like the altered enzyme from the CHO parent. Hybrids and temperature-sensitive segregants derived from them were analyzed for the expression of known human chromosomal marker enzymes. The strong correlation between the expression of the human form of asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase and the presence of human chromosome 18 in hybrids suggests that the human gene, asnS, which corrects the heat-sensitive phenotype of the CHO asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase mutant, is located on chromosome 18.