Henry R L, Mellis C M, Benjamin B
Arch Dis Child. 1983 Mar;58(3):180-3. doi: 10.1136/adc.58.3.180.
During a 2-year period, 7 children were seen with a severe form of laryngotracheobronchitis associated with sloughing of the respiratory epithelium and profuse mucopurulent secretions. We have called this condition pseudomembranous croup. The children had severe upper airways obstruction, appeared toxic with high fever, and were older than the typical age group for viral laryngotracheobronchitis. Lateral x-ray films of the airways showed subglottic narrowing and often these suggested the presence of radio-opaque foreign material in the tracheal lumen. At endoscopy, in addition to pseudomembrane in the subglottic region and trachea, there was thick mucopus and debris, and in some cases these changes extended into the bronchi. An artificial airway was required in all except one, and even after intubation it proved difficult to maintain the airway. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen isolated from tracheal cultures but other organisms were grown.
在两年期间，我们诊治了7名患有严重喉气管支气管炎的儿童，其伴有呼吸道上皮脱落和大量黏液脓性分泌物。我们将这种病症称为假膜性喉炎。这些儿童有严重的上呼吸道梗阻，出现高热中毒症状，且年龄大于病毒性喉气管支气管炎的典型发病年龄组。气道的侧位X线片显示声门下狭窄，且这些表现常提示气管腔内存在不透射线的异物。在内镜检查中，除了声门下区域和气管存在假膜外，还有浓稠的黏液和碎屑，在某些情况下，这些改变延伸至支气管。除1名儿童外，所有患儿均需要建立人工气道，甚至在插管后，维持气道也很困难。金黄色葡萄球菌是气管培养物中最常见的分离病原体，但也培养出了其他微生物。
