Safer D J, Krager J M
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1983 Jul;22(7):500-4. doi: 10.1177/000992288302200707.
In biannual school surveys from 1971 through 1981, it was found that the rate of medication treatment of hyperactive students increased two- to threefold over the decade. This increase applied similarly to parochial, public elementary, and public middle/junior high school students. Other findings over the decade include the following: methylphenidate use increased from 40 per cent to 91 per cent of all the medication prescribed for hyperactivity, administration of medication for hyperactivity in the school increased from 61 per cent to 87 per cent of the total, and the number treated with medication prescribed by the family doctor decreased from 98 per cent to 59 per cent. Noteworthy findings in 1981 were as follows: 19 per cent of public elementary school students in special education classes were treated with medication for hyperactivity; hyperactive students in middle/junior high school had received medication treatment for an average of five to six years; the most common school period of medication use was grades one through four; entrance into first grade and secondary school corresponded to an increased use of medication for hyperactivity; and female, relative to male, students were treated with medication for hyperactivity less often than would be expected in teacher surveys of classroom hyperactivity, a finding particularly striking in middle/junior high school.
在1971年至1981年的学校两年一次的调查中发现，在这十年间，多动症学生的药物治疗率增长了两到三倍。这种增长在教区学校、公立小学以及公立初中/初中学生中情况类似。这十年间的其他调查结果如下：哌醋甲酯的使用量在所有多动症处方药中所占比例从40%增至91%，学校中多动症药物的使用量在总量中所占比例从61%增至87%，而由家庭医生开出处方药治疗的学生人数从98%降至59%。1981年的显著调查结果如下：19%的公立小学特殊教育班级中的学生接受了多动症药物治疗；初中/初中的多动症学生平均接受药物治疗五到六年；最常见的用药学习阶段是一至四年级；进入一年级和中学时多动症药物的使用量会增加；相对于男性，在教师对课堂多动症情况的调查中，接受多动症药物治疗的女性学生人数比预期的要少，这一发现尤其在初中/初中阶段十分显著。
