Safer D J, Krager J M
Baltimore County Health Department, MD.
JAMA. 1988 Oct 21;260(15):2256-8.
Since 1971, the Baltimore County Health Department has conducted nine biannual surveys of school nurses in all of the county's public and private schools to determine the prevalence of medication treatment for hyperactivity/inattentiveness among students. The results reveal a consistent doubling of the rate of medication treatment for hyperactive/inattentive students every four to seven years such that in 1987, 5.96% of all public elementary school students were receiving such treatment. Related trends from 1971 to 1987 have been that stimulants increased from 76% to 99% of the medication prescribed; methylphenidate hydrochloride rose from 40% to 93% of the total; the male-female ratio dropped from an average of 8:1 to 5:1; the rate of medication treatment for hyperactive/inattentive students rose faster in secondary than in elementary schools; and 25% of students receiving stimulant medication in 1987 were in special education classes or schools.
自1971年以来，巴尔的摩县卫生局对该县所有公立和私立学校的学校护士进行了九次半年一次的调查，以确定学生中多动症/注意力不集中症药物治疗的流行情况。结果显示，每四到七年，多动症/注意力不集中学生的药物治疗率就会持续翻番，以至于在1987年，所有公立小学学生中有5.96%接受了此类治疗。1971年至1987年的相关趋势包括：兴奋剂在处方药物中的占比从76%增至99%；盐酸哌甲酯在总药物中的占比从40%升至93%；男女比例从平均8:1降至5:1；多动症/注意力不集中学生的药物治疗率在中学比在小学上升得更快；1987年，接受兴奋剂药物治疗的学生中有25%在特殊教育班级或学校就读。
