Khan M A
J Am Diet Assoc. 1983 Jun;82(6):664-6.
This investigation was designed to compute the total sodium intake from meals and snacks consumed by selected college students. Most students used carbonated beverages, candies, gums, cookies, and salted snack items. They consumed salted snack items mostly as evening snacks. Mean sodium intake was found to be 3,904 mg. for men and 2,628 mg. for women, without taking into consideration the use of table salt. Sodium density per kilocalorie per day was 1.40 and 1.41 for men and women, respectively, suggesting that the differences in intakes were due to women's lower caloric intake. Sodium intake was greater from regular meals than from snack foods. Evening snacks contributed more to the daily sodium intake than morning and afternoon snacks. It can be concluded that sodium intake of college students needs careful assessment. According to the Food and Nutrition Board, the most effective way to maintain intake within the suggested range is to reduce the amount of salt added at table or in cooking and to reduce moderately the selection of obviously salty foods (9). College students need to be made aware of the sodium content of foods they select for lunch, dinner, and evening snacks, as well as the amount of salt they add at the table.
本调查旨在计算特定大学生通过正餐和零食摄入的总钠量。大多数学生饮用碳酸饮料、食用糖果、口香糖、饼干和咸味零食。他们大多将咸味零食作为晚间小吃。在不考虑食用食盐的情况下，男性的平均钠摄入量为3904毫克，女性为2628毫克。男性和女性每天每千卡的钠密度分别为1.40和1.41，这表明摄入量的差异是由于女性热量摄入较低。正餐中的钠摄入量高于零食。晚间小吃对每日钠摄入量的贡献大于上午和下午的小吃。可以得出结论，大学生的钠摄入量需要仔细评估。根据食品和营养委员会的说法，将摄入量维持在建议范围内的最有效方法是减少餐桌上或烹饪时添加的盐量，并适度减少明显咸味食品的选择（9）。需要让大学生了解他们选择的午餐、晚餐和晚间小吃的钠含量，以及他们在餐桌上添加的盐量。
