Department of Food and Nutrition, Soongeui Women's College, Seoul 100-751, Korea.
Nutr Res Pract. 2013 Jun;7(3):192-8. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2013.7.3.192. Epub 2013 Jun 3.
Dietary sodium intake is considered one of the major causal factors for hypertension. Thus, to control the increase of blood pressure and reduce the risk of hypertension-related clinical complications, a reduction in sodium intake is recommended. The present study aimed at determining the association of dietary sodium intake with meal and snack frequency, snacking time, and taste preference in Korean young adults aged 20-26 years, using a 125-item dish-frequency questionnaire. The mean dietary sodium intakes of men and women were 270.6 mmol/day and 213.1 mmol/day, which were approximately 310% and 245% of the daily sodium intake goal for Korean men and women, respectively. Dietary sodium intake was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure in the total group, and BMI in the total and men-only groups. In the total and men-only groups, those who consumed meals more times per day consumed more dietary sodium, but the number of times they consumed snacks was negatively correlated with dietary sodium intake in the total, men-only, and women-only groups. In addition, those who consumed snacks in the evening consumed more sodium than those who did so in the morning in the men-only group. The sodium intake was also positively associated with preference for salty and sweet taste in the total and women-only groups. Such a high intake of sodium in these young subjects shows that a reduction in sodium intake is important for the prevention of hypertension and related diseases in the future.
饮食中的钠摄入量被认为是导致高血压的主要因素之一。因此，为了控制血压升高并降低与高血压相关的临床并发症的风险，建议减少钠的摄入量。本研究旨在通过使用 125 项菜频问卷，确定韩国 20-26 岁年轻成年人的饮食钠摄入量与餐次和零食频率、零食时间和口味偏好之间的关系。男性和女性的平均膳食钠摄入量分别为 270.6 mmol/天和 213.1 mmol/天，分别约为韩国男性和女性每日钠摄入量目标的 310%和 245%。膳食钠摄入量与总人群的收缩压，以及总人群和仅男性人群的 BMI 呈正相关。在总人群和仅男性人群中，每天进餐次数越多的人摄入的膳食钠越多，但在总人群、仅男性人群和仅女性人群中，零食的食用次数与膳食钠摄入量呈负相关。此外，仅男性人群中，晚上吃零食的人比早上吃零食的人摄入的钠更多。钠摄入量还与总人群和仅女性人群对咸甜口味的偏好呈正相关。这些年轻人群中如此高的钠摄入量表明，减少钠的摄入量对于预防未来的高血压和相关疾病非常重要。
