Kissin I, Morgan P L, Smith L R
Anesthesiology. 1983 Jun;58(6):556-61. doi: 10.1097/00000542-198306000-00014.
In rat experiments, the dose-effect curves for three different end points of anesthesia [loss of righting reflex (RR), prevention of movement (PM), and heart rate response (HR) to noxious stimuli] and for the lethal effect (LE) due to cardiovascular depression were determined with isoflurane and halothane. The obtained data were used to calculate LD50/ED50 ratios and standard safety margins (SSM) for assessment of each agent's safety. It was found that isoflurane provides an equal degree of separation between dose-effect curves for different end points of anesthesia as halothane does. However, isoflurane provides greater margins of safety. The margin between the highest of anesthetic doses--the loss of HR response--and the lethal dose for isoflurane was twice that for halothane (LD50/HR ED50 4.3 vs. 2.2, P less than 0.01). The standard safety margin for the loss of HR response was also greater with isoflurane (142 vs. 43, P less than 0.05). These results agreed that isoflurane may provide greater cardiovascular safety for anesthesia than halothane does.
在大鼠实验中，使用异氟烷和氟烷测定了三种不同麻醉终点[翻正反射消失（RR）、运动抑制（PM）以及对有害刺激的心率反应（HR）]的剂量-效应曲线和因心血管抑制导致的致死效应（LE）的剂量-效应曲线。所得数据用于计算半数致死剂量（LD50）与半数有效剂量（ED50）的比值以及标准安全系数（SSM），以评估每种药物的安全性。结果发现，异氟烷与氟烷一样，在不同麻醉终点的剂量-效应曲线之间提供了同等程度的区分度。然而，异氟烷具有更大的安全系数。异氟烷导致心率反应消失的最高麻醉剂量与致死剂量之间的差值是氟烷的两倍（LD50/HR ED50为4.3对2.2，P<0.01）。异氟烷导致心率反应消失的标准安全系数也更高（分别为142和43，P<0.05）。这些结果表明，与氟烷相比，异氟烷在麻醉时可能具有更高的心血管安全性。
