Johnston J M, McFarland L M, Bradford H B, Caraway C T
J Clin Microbiol. 1983 May;17(5):918-20. doi: 10.1128/jcm.17.5.918-920.1983.
Vibrio cholerae serotype O1 organisms that do not produce cholera toxin and, in fact, lack the genetic material encoding the enterotoxin have recently been detected in coastal regions of the United States. Although these organisms have been assumed to be nonpathogenic, they have been considered a potential reservoir of toxigenic V. cholerae. In 1979, nontoxigenic V. cholerae O1 was isolated from a leg wound of an accident victim residing in New Orleans. The only known risk factors of the patient, besides his debilitated condition, were alcoholism and the consumption of raw oysters before recognition of his wound infection. Coincident with the identification of the isolate from the leg wound, an identical nontoxigenic V. cholerae O1 isolate was cultured from the sewage system serving the residence of this patient. Nontoxigenic V. cholerae O1 seems to be capable of multiplying in human tissue and may produce extraintestinal infection. This indigenous inhabitant of temperate coastal regions may not be avirulent and may be of public health significance.
最近在美国沿海地区检测到了霍乱弧菌O1血清型菌株，这些菌株不产生霍乱毒素，实际上还缺乏编码肠毒素的遗传物质。尽管这些菌株一直被认为是非致病性的，但它们被视为产毒性霍乱弧菌的一个潜在储存库。1979年，从一名居住在新奥尔良的事故受害者的腿部伤口中分离出了非产毒性霍乱弧菌O1。除了身体虚弱外，该患者唯一已知的风险因素是酗酒以及在伤口感染被发现之前食用了生牡蛎。在从腿部伤口分离出该菌株的同时，从为该患者住所服务的污水系统中培养出了一株相同的非产毒性霍乱弧菌O1菌株。非产毒性霍乱弧菌O1似乎能够在人体组织中繁殖，并可能引起肠外感染。这种温带沿海地区的本土居民可能并非无毒，可能具有公共卫生意义。
