甲型流感（H1N1）活病毒疫苗与灭活病毒疫苗的比较。1. 短期免疫。
A comparison of live and inactivated influenza A (H1N1) virus vaccines. 1. Short-term immunity.
作者信息
Clark A, Potter C W, Jennings R, Nicholl J P, Langrick A F, Schild G C, Wood J M, Tyrrell D A
出版信息
J Hyg (Lond). 1983 Jun;90(3):351-9. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400028989.
Abstract
Groups of volunteers were immunized subcutaneously with one of three inactivated influenza virus A/USSR/77 (H1N1) vaccine preparations; a whole virus vaccine, a surface-antigen subunit adsorbed vaccine, or an aqueous surface-antigen subunit vaccine. The reactions to immunization were recorded, and the antibody response was measured 1 month later. A fourth group of volunteers were inoculated intranasally with live attentuated A/USSR/77 (H1N1) influenza virus; the reactions and antibody response of these volunteers were also measured. One month after immunization, the incidence of infection by challenge with homologous live attentuated virus was determined for all groups of volunteers. The results showed that all four vaccines used were relatively non-reactogenic, and that inactivated vaccines induced higher titres of serum antibody than the live attenuated vaccine. All the vaccines induced significant protection against challenge virus infection which was directly related to the level of serum HI antibody response.
摘要
将几组志愿者分别皮下注射三种甲型流感病毒A/苏联/77（H1N1）灭活疫苗制剂之一；一种全病毒疫苗、一种吸附表面抗原亚单位疫苗或一种水性表面抗原亚单位疫苗。记录免疫反应，并在1个月后测量抗体反应。第四组志愿者经鼻接种减毒活甲型流感病毒A/苏联/77（H1N1）；也测量了这些志愿者的反应和抗体反应。免疫1个月后，测定所有志愿者组经同源减毒活病毒攻击后的感染发生率。结果表明，所使用的四种疫苗反应性相对较低，且灭活疫苗诱导的血清抗体滴度高于减毒活疫苗。所有疫苗均诱导了对攻击病毒感染的显著保护作用，这与血清血凝抑制（HI）抗体反应水平直接相关。
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