Tang A H, Franklin S R
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1983 Jun;225(3):503-8.
Rats were trained to make a simultaneous brightness discrimination in order to avoid or escape foot shocks in an automated Y-maze. Brightness discrimination was completely disrupted by phencyclidine (PCP, 3 mg/kg), ketamine (30 mg/kg) and dexoxadrol (10 mg/kg). At these doses, there was increased locomotor activity between trials. The number of movement attempts to avoid shock during a trial were either unchanged or reduced. Several drugs with various clinical applications (chlorpromazine, haloperidol, diazepam, pentobarbital, d-amphetamine, propranolol, clonidine and prazosin) did not impair brightness discrimination in behavioral stimulant or depressant doses. The levoisomer of dexoxadrol, levoxadrol, was also inactive. Daily administration of PCP for 5 consecutive days produced progressive increases in locomotor stimulation with no tolerance to effects on brightness disruption. The disruption of brightness discrimination by PCP was not reversed by chlorpromazine, haloperidol, diazepam, propranolol or apomorphine at doses which reduced the locomotor stimulation by PCP. Both locomotor stimulation and discrimination disruption were blocked by prazosin and clonidine. A central adrenergic mechanism is implicated for some behavioral effects of PCP.
训练大鼠在自动 Y 迷宫中进行同时性亮度辨别，以避免或逃避足部电击。苯环己哌啶（PCP，3mg/kg）、氯胺酮（30mg/kg）和右吗拉胺（10mg/kg）完全破坏了亮度辨别。在这些剂量下，试验期间的自发活动增加。试验期间为避免电击而进行的运动尝试次数要么不变，要么减少。几种具有不同临床应用的药物（氯丙嗪、氟哌啶醇、地西泮、戊巴比妥、d-苯丙胺、普萘洛尔、可乐定和哌唑嗪）在行为兴奋或抑制剂量下均未损害亮度辨别。右吗拉胺的左旋异构体左吗拉胺也无活性。连续 5 天每日给予 PCP 会使自发活动逐渐增加，且对亮度辨别破坏作用无耐受性。氯丙嗪、氟哌啶醇、地西泮、普萘洛尔或阿扑吗啡在降低 PCP 引起的自发活动的剂量下，并不能逆转 PCP 对亮度辨别的破坏作用。哌唑嗪和可乐定可阻断自发活动和辨别破坏。PCP 的某些行为效应涉及中枢肾上腺素能机制。
