高速公路致命事故与紧急医疗服务的可及性

Highway fatal accidents and accessibility of emergency medical services.

作者信息

Brodsky H, Hakkert A S

出版信息

Soc Sci Med. 1983;17(11):731-40. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(83)90261-7.

Abstract

Medical estimates of potentially 'salvageable' lives with better emergency medical services (EMS) in fatal highway crashes have generally been around 20%. In rural counties in Texas, however, our statistical results show that at least 38% of fatal accidents could have been nonfatal. This higher figure may reflect the extreme contrasts in EMS accessibility that exist in certain rural areas. Accident related variables that would have affected our results were controlled by log linear analysis. Better 'quality' EMS in rural Texas would, apparently, save lives, but to insure cost-effectiveness more needs to be learned about the impact of various components of EMS: notification time, ambulance response and hospital care.

摘要

据医学评估，在致命的高速公路撞车事故中，若能提供更好的紧急医疗服务（EMS），潜在可“挽救”的生命比例通常约为20%。然而，在得克萨斯州的农村县，我们的统计结果显示，至少38%的致命事故本可避免死亡。这一较高数字可能反映了某些农村地区在获得紧急医疗服务方面存在的极端差异。通过对数线性分析控制了可能影响我们结果的事故相关变量。显然，在得克萨斯州农村地区提供更好“质量”的紧急医疗服务能够挽救生命，但为确保成本效益，还需要更多地了解紧急医疗服务各个组成部分的影响：通知时间、救护车响应和医院护理。