Kahn R I
West J Med. 1983 May;138(5):681-5.
Nephrostomy tube tracts, established operatively or percutaneously, can provide access to stones in the upper urinary tract. A variety of rigid or flexible urologic instruments can be used to percutaneously disintegrate or extract calculi, thus sparing a patient an operative procedure. This is most important in the case of high-risk patients, those previously operated upon or those who have active nephrolithiasis, in whom recurrent stones are prone to form. Our early experience in percutaneous renal stone disintegration and stone manipulation enabled us to remove most (in four patients) or all (again in four patients) calculi in nine patients. The procedure offers lower morbidity, shorter hospital stay and earlier return to employment than conventional operative stone procedures.
通过手术或经皮建立的肾造瘘管通道可用于进入上尿路结石部位。可使用各种硬性或软性泌尿外科器械经皮粉碎或取出结石，从而使患者免于手术。这对于高危患者、既往接受过手术的患者或患有活动性肾结石且易复发结石的患者尤为重要。我们早期经皮肾碎石和取石的经验使我们能够为9例患者中的大多数（4例）或全部（另4例）取出结石。与传统的手术取石方法相比，该手术具有发病率低、住院时间短和恢复工作早的优点。
