Crapo J D, Young S L, Fram E K, Pinkerton K E, Barry B E, Crapo R O
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1983 Aug;128(2 Pt 2):S42-6. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1983.128.2P2.S42.
Morphometric procedures have been used to study the characteristics of cells in the alveolar region of the lungs of rats, dogs, baboons, and humans. Compared with the other species, human lungs were found to contain greater numbers of macrophages and to have larger alveolar type II, endothelial, and interstitial cells. The thickness of the interstitium and the pulmonary capillary endothelium were also significantly greater in the human lungs. These differences in human lung anatomy may be due to increased exposure to airborne pollutants and to tobacco smoke. Despite the above differences and the fact that there are large variations in size and functional characteristics of the lungs of these mammals, an overall striking similarity in characteristics of individual lung cells was found. The distribution of cells in alveolar tissue was remarkably constant between species as was the average volume and surface area of most cell types. Computer-aided three-dimensional reconstruction techniques were used to determine the spatial relationship of organelles in individual alveolar type II cells from rats. A three-dimensional reconstruction of cells permits quantification of number, size, surface area, and volume of subcellular organelles and correlations of their three-dimensional spatial relationships.
形态测量学方法已被用于研究大鼠、狗、狒狒和人类肺部肺泡区域细胞的特征。与其他物种相比，发现人类肺部含有更多的巨噬细胞，并且具有更大的Ⅱ型肺泡细胞、内皮细胞和间质细胞。人类肺部间质和肺毛细血管内皮的厚度也明显更大。人类肺部解剖结构的这些差异可能是由于接触空气传播污染物和烟草烟雾增加所致。尽管存在上述差异，并且这些哺乳动物的肺部大小和功能特征存在很大差异，但在个体肺细胞特征方面仍发现了总体上惊人的相似性。肺泡组织中细胞的分布在物种之间非常恒定，大多数细胞类型的平均体积和表面积也是如此。计算机辅助三维重建技术被用于确定大鼠单个Ⅱ型肺泡细胞中细胞器的空间关系。细胞的三维重建允许对亚细胞器的数量、大小、表面积和体积进行量化，并对它们的三维空间关系进行关联分析。
