Wichman H, Ball J
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1983 Jun;54(6):507-10.
Of the three related survey studies that were conducted, two are summarized and one, which characterizes all three, is reported in detail. The studies attempted to determine how aviators compared with the general population on the personality dimension--locus of control (internal vs. external) and how this was related to aviators' attendance at FAA Safety Clinics. In addition, aviators were surveyed regarding their attitudes towards safety, their flying skill, and the likelihood that they would have an accident during the remainder of their careers. Results showed aviators to be significantly more internal in locus of control than the general U.S. population and to have strong self-serving biases regarding their skill and safety levels. Pilots who attended FAA Safety Clinics tended to have a more internal locus of control than those who did not.
在开展的三项相关调查研究中，对其中两项进行了总结，详细报告了一项涵盖所有三项研究的情况。这些研究试图确定飞行员在人格维度——控制点（内控型与外控型）方面与普通人群相比情况如何，以及这与飞行员参加美国联邦航空管理局安全诊所的情况有何关联。此外，还对飞行员进行了关于他们对安全的态度、飞行技能以及在其职业生涯剩余时间内发生事故可能性的调查。结果显示，与美国普通人群相比，飞行员在控制点方面显著更倾向于内控型，并且在技能和安全水平方面存在强烈的自我服务偏差。参加美国联邦航空管理局安全诊所的飞行员比未参加的飞行员往往更倾向于内控型。
