Albengres E, Tillement J P
Biol Res Pregnancy Perinatol. 1983;4(2):71-4.
Over the last 12 years several studies have found that the frequency of certain anomalies in children born to mothers treated with antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy has almost doubled. In 1968 Meadow reported certain malformations that suggest a congenital syndrome involving craniofacial abnormalities and that add to the high level of suspicion pointing to phenytoin. Moreover, multi-drug antiepileptics including phenytoin have been reported to induce carcinogenic damage and coagulation defects. In such instances it is always very difficult to distinguish the individual toxic effects of each component. Nevertheless, the possible role of phenytoin in the development of these diseases must be investigated. In addition, the eventual role of the pathologic state itself, epilepsy, cannot be disregarded. Two main aspects must be considered: the disease and its severity which determines the necessity of high dosages of antiepileptic drugs. The administration of phenytoin to pregnant epileptic patients is clearly questionable. Thus the aim of this paper is to evaluate the risks of this drug and compare them with its expected therapeutic benefits.
在过去12年里，多项研究发现，孕期接受抗癫痫药物治疗的母亲所生儿童中某些异常情况的发生率几乎翻了一番。1968年，梅多报告了某些畸形情况，这些畸形提示存在一种涉及颅面异常的先天性综合征，这进一步加深了人们对苯妥英钠的高度怀疑。此外，据报道，包括苯妥英钠在内的多种抗癫痫药物会诱发致癌损伤和凝血缺陷。在这种情况下，总是很难区分每种成分的个体毒性作用。然而，必须调查苯妥英钠在这些疾病发生过程中可能起到的作用。此外，病理状态本身，即癫痫，最终所起的作用也不能被忽视。必须考虑两个主要方面：疾病及其严重程度，这决定了使用高剂量抗癫痫药物的必要性。给怀孕的癫痫患者服用苯妥英钠显然存在疑问。因此，本文的目的是评估这种药物的风险，并将其与预期的治疗益处进行比较。
