Kleitsch E C, Whitman T L, Santos J
J Appl Behav Anal. 1983 Summer;16(2):217-33. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1983.16-217.
The present study examined the effectiveness of a group language training procedure for directly increasing and generalizing the rate of verbal interaction among four elderly, socially isolated, moderately mentally retarded men. A withdrawal of treatment design was used to examine the effect of the procedure that used verbal prompts. behavioral rehearsal, and contingent social praise. Changes in behavior were examined in two generalization settings, one similar to the training environment (Generalization I) and the other arranged as part of the subjects' daily routine (Generalization II). Baseline data indicated no verbal interaction among the subjects. During treatment the training procedure increased the rate of subjects' verbal interactions not only in the training situation, but also in the two generalization settings. An analysis of the data obtained during the Generalization II situation indicated that subjects' verbal interaction increased not only among themselves, but with nonsubject peers present in this setting. Follow-up data showed that increases in rates of verbal interaction were maintained four months after the cessation of training. The implications of the results for program generalization and work with the language deficient individual is discussed.
本研究考察了一种小组语言训练程序对直接提高和推广四名年老、社会孤立、中度智力迟钝男性之间言语互动频率的有效性。采用治疗撤回设计来检验使用言语提示、行为排练和偶然的社会赞扬的程序的效果。在两种推广环境中考察行为变化，一种类似于训练环境（推广I），另一种作为受试者日常生活的一部分安排（推广II）。基线数据表明受试者之间没有言语互动。在治疗期间，训练程序不仅在训练情境中提高了受试者的言语互动频率，而且在两种推广环境中也提高了。对在推广II情境中获得的数据的分析表明，受试者的言语互动不仅在他们自己之间增加了，而且在该情境中有非受试者同伴在场时也增加了。随访数据显示，言语互动频率的增加在训练停止四个月后仍得以维持。讨论了研究结果对项目推广以及与语言缺陷个体工作的意义。
