Terashima T, Inoue K, Inoue Y, Mikoshiba K, Tsukada Y
J Comp Neurol. 1983 Aug 10;218(3):314-26. doi: 10.1002/cne.902180307.
Reeler, a recessive mutation in mice, causes cytoarchitectonic abnormalities to the cerebral and cerebellar cortices. In normal controls, corticospinal (CS) tract neurons retrogradely labelled after HRP injection into the lumbar cord were situated only in layer V (the inner pyramidal layer). In the reeler, by contrast, the labelled CS neurons were scattered diffusely throughout all levels of the corresponding cortical area. In addition to the malpositioning of the somata, the labelled CS neurons in the cortex of the reeler could be divided into two major classes according to their dendritic pattern: typical pyramidal neurons and atypical ones. The typical pyramidal neuron had an apical dendrite projecting from the superior pole of the soma and ascending toward the pia mater and several basal and basolateral dendrites projecting from the inferior pole of the soma. The atypical neurons consisted of six types: (1) inverted, (2) tumbled, (3) bipolar, (4) V-shaped, (5) hook-shaped, and (6) superficial polymorphic. The typical pyramidal neurons in the reeler tended to be situated relatively deep in the cortex and the atypical neurons tended to lie relatively superficially in the cortex. The axons of both the typical pyramidal neurons and the atypical ones in the reeler usually extended from the lower surface of the soma or one of the descending dendrites as in the normal control.
“旋转鼠”是小鼠中的一种隐性突变，会导致大脑和小脑皮质的细胞结构异常。在正常对照组中，将辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）注入腰髓后逆行标记的皮质脊髓（CS）束神经元仅位于第V层（内锥体层）。相比之下，在“旋转鼠”中，标记的CS神经元分散在相应皮质区域的所有层面。除了胞体位置异常外，根据树突模式，“旋转鼠”皮质中的标记CS神经元可分为两大类：典型锥体神经元和非典型锥体神经元。典型锥体神经元有一个从胞体上极伸出并向软脑膜上升的顶树突，以及几个从胞体下极伸出的基底和基底外侧树突。非典型神经元有六种类型：（1）倒置型，（2）翻滚型，（3）双极型，（4）V型，（5）钩型，（6）浅多形型。“旋转鼠”中的典型锥体神经元往往位于皮质相对较深的位置，而非典型神经元往往位于皮质相对较浅的位置。与正常对照组一样，“旋转鼠”中典型锥体神经元和非典型锥体神经元的轴突通常从胞体下表面或一个下行树突发出。
