Walker M, Heady J A, Shaper A G
J R Coll Gen Pract. 1983 Jul;33(252):411-5.
A postal questionnaire was used in a survey of dysuria in women aged 20-54 years in four London general practices. Twenty per cent of all women reported dysuria in the previous year (recent dysuria) and half of these women suffered at least one further episode in the same year. The prevalence of recent dysuria showed a decline with increasing age, a small increase with increasing number of pregnancies, no social class effect and no difference with marital status. Frequent recent episodes were more likely in women whose first reported episode of dysuria occurred before the age of 20 years. The risk of dysuria occurring in any pregnancy was about 12 per cent, and a small group - about 6 per cent of those who had had more than one pregnancy - reported dysuria in every pregnancy. Comparison of the practice records of non-responders and responders suggested that the true prevalence of recent dysuria was over-estimated by about one third. The routine use of a few specific questions in clinical and epidemiological practice may help to identify those women at increased risk from urinary tract infection, particularly in pregnancy.
在伦敦的四家普通诊所，对年龄在20至54岁的女性进行了一项关于排尿困难的调查，采用了邮寄问卷调查的方式。所有女性中有20%报告在前一年出现过排尿困难（近期排尿困难），其中一半的女性在同年至少又发作过一次。近期排尿困难的患病率随年龄增长而下降，随怀孕次数增加略有上升，无社会阶层影响，与婚姻状况无关。首次报告排尿困难发作年龄在20岁之前的女性更易出现频繁的近期发作。任何一次怀孕时出现排尿困难的风险约为12%，一小部分人——约6%有过不止一次怀孕经历的女性——每次怀孕都报告有排尿困难。对未回应者和回应者的诊疗记录进行比较表明，近期排尿困难的实际患病率被高估了约三分之一。在临床和流行病学实践中常规使用一些特定问题，可能有助于识别那些尿路感染风险增加的女性，尤其是在孕期。
