Walker M, Shaper A G, Cook D G
Department of Clinical Epidemiology and General Practice, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 1987 Dec;41(4):295-9. doi: 10.1136/jech.41.4.295.
Men who did not participate in a prospective study of cardiovascular disease (The British Regional Heart Study) were younger than the participants, more likely to be unmarried, and more likely to be less skilled workers. In the first three years of follow-up, their total mortality rate was significantly higher than that of the participants; thereafter it declined to levels not significantly different from those of the participants. This excess of early deaths could not be attributed to age. There was a small but non significant excess mortality in non-participants due to neoplasms and cardiovascular disease and a somewhat greater excess from all other causes combined. The social characteristics of the non-participant population appear to contribute to their significantly higher total mortality rate, and allowance needs to be made for this in interpreting the study findings. However the death rate from cardiovascular disease was similar in participants and non-participants, suggesting that any analysis related to this particular cause of death should not be biased by non-participation.
未参与心血管疾病前瞻性研究（英国地区心脏研究）的男性比参与者更年轻，更有可能未婚，且更有可能是技能水平较低的工人。在随访的前三年，他们的总死亡率显著高于参与者；此后死亡率下降至与参与者无显著差异的水平。这种早期死亡人数过多的情况不能归因于年龄。非参与者因肿瘤和心血管疾病导致的死亡率略高但不显著，而因所有其他原因导致的死亡率略高。非参与者群体的社会特征似乎导致了他们显著更高的总死亡率，在解释研究结果时需要考虑到这一点。然而，参与者和非参与者的心血管疾病死亡率相似，这表明与这一特定死因相关的任何分析不应因未参与而产生偏差。
