Ayoub C, Jacewitz M M
Child Abuse Negl. 1982;6(3):351-8. doi: 10.1016/0145-2134(82)90040-0.
The At Risk Parent Child Program is a multidisciplinary network agency designed for the secondary prevention of poor parenting and the extremes of child abuse and neglect. This model system of service delivery emphasizes (1) the coordination of existing community resources to access a target population of families at risk of parenting problems, (2) the provision of multiple special services in a neutral location (ambulatory pediatric clinic), and (3) the importance of intensive individual contact with a clinical professional who serves as primary therapist, social advocate and service coordinator for client families. Identification and assessment of families is best done during prenatal and perinatal periods. Both formal and informal procedures for screening for risk factors are described, and a simple set of at risk criteria for use by hospital nursing staff is provided. Preventive intervention strategies include special medical, psychological, social and developmental services, offered in an inpatient; outpatient, or in-home setting. Matching family needs to modality and setting of treatment is a major program concern. All direct services to at risk families are supplied by professionals employed within existing local agencies (hospital, public health department, state guidance center, and medical school pediatric clinic). Multiple agency involvement allows a broad-based screening capacity which allows thousands of families routine access to program services. The administrative center of the network stands as an independent, community-funded core which coordinates and monitors direct clinical services, and provides local political advocacy for families at risk of parenting problems.
“高危亲子项目”是一个多学科网络机构，旨在对不良养育行为以及极端的虐待和忽视儿童行为进行二级预防。这种服务提供模式系统强调：（1）协调现有社区资源，以接触有养育问题风险的目标家庭群体；（2）在一个中立场所（门诊儿科诊所）提供多种特殊服务；（3）与担任客户家庭主要治疗师、社会倡导者和服务协调员的临床专业人员进行密集个人接触的重要性。对家庭的识别和评估最好在产前和围产期进行。文中描述了筛查风险因素的正式和非正式程序，并提供了一套供医院护理人员使用的简单高危标准。预防性干预策略包括在住院、门诊或家庭环境中提供的特殊医疗、心理、社会和发育服务。使家庭需求与治疗方式和环境相匹配是该项目的一个主要关注点。所有针对高危家庭的直接服务均由现有当地机构（医院、公共卫生部门、州指导中心和医学院儿科诊所）雇用的专业人员提供。多机构参与具备广泛的筛查能力，使数千个家庭能够常规获得项目服务。该网络的行政中心是一个独立的、由社区资助的核心机构，负责协调和监督直接临床服务，并为有养育问题风险的家庭提供地方政治宣传。
