Trobe J D
Ophthalmology. 1981 Jun;88(6):488-92. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(81)34997-5.
Although its prevalence in dysthyroidism is estimated at less than 5%, optic neuropathy should be recognized as a preventable cause of disabling visual loss. Obscured by more obvious external congestive signs, it is usually insidiously progressive and bilateral, but may be acute and unilateral. Neuro-ophthalmic findings are nonspecific (prechiasmal field defects, normal or swollen nerveheads), and the diagnosis should be suspected in the context of typical adnexal changes of dysthyroidism. Optic nerve involvement is probably secondary to apical orbital compression by congested muscles. Treatment with oral corticosteroids, irradiation, or orbital decompression has been beneficial, especially in the early phases.
尽管甲状腺功能障碍性视神经病变的患病率估计低于5%，但应将其视为可导致视力丧失致残的可预防病因。由于更明显的外部充血体征掩盖，该病通常隐匿进展且为双侧性，但也可能急性起病且为单侧。神经眼科检查结果不具特异性（视交叉前视野缺损、视乳头正常或肿胀），在甲状腺功能障碍典型的附件改变背景下应怀疑该病诊断。视神经受累可能继发于充血肌肉对视眶尖的压迫。口服糖皮质激素、放疗或眼眶减压治疗已证明有效，尤其是在疾病早期。
