Jalowiec A, Powers M J
Nurs Res. 1981 Jan-Feb;30(1):10-5. doi: 10.1097/00006199-198101000-00003.
Stressful life events (SLEs) and coping behavior were compared in 25 emergency room patients with nonserious acute illness and 25 newly diagnosed hypertensive patients. Stress was evaluated with a modified Rahe's SLE questionnaire and coping with a rate scale developed by the primary investigator. Results showed that: ER patients reported significantly more (p < .05) SLEs for one year preceding illness onset, although more hypertensives subjectively rated their stress level as high; ER patients experienced significantly more SLEs in personal and social, home and family, and financial categories; hypertensives experienced significantly more health-related SLEs; age was seen as influencing SLEs; hypertensive patients used significantly more problem-oriented coping methods than did ER patients; hypertensives relied more on religion and physical activity in coping than did the ER group; ER patients more often day-dreamed or used their past experience as a guide for coping with stress; each group rated use of drugs as least important in coping; and educational level proved to be a salient variable affecting coping.
对25名患有非严重急性疾病的急诊室患者和25名新诊断出的高血压患者的生活应激事件（SLEs）及应对行为进行了比较。采用改良的拉赫SLE问卷评估应激情况，并使用由第一作者编制的比率量表评估应对情况。结果显示：急诊室患者报告在发病前一年经历的SLEs显著更多（p < .05），尽管更多高血压患者主观上将其应激水平评定为高；急诊室患者在个人与社交、家庭与家人以及经济类别方面经历的SLEs显著更多；高血压患者经历的与健康相关的SLEs显著更多；年龄被视为影响SLEs的因素；高血压患者比急诊室患者显著更多地使用面向问题的应对方法；高血压患者在应对时比急诊室组更多地依赖宗教和体育活动；急诊室患者更多地通过白日梦或利用过去的经验来应对压力；两组均将使用药物评定为应对中最不重要的方式；教育水平被证明是影响应对的一个显著变量。
