Gingrich J B, Ward R A, Macken L M, Esser K M
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1982;76(4):479-81. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(82)90142-0.
Starved mature male tsetse flies (21 to 25 days old) are capable of developing salivary gland (SG) infections of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense at rates nearly comparable to teneral males less than 24 hours old when given an infective meal containing parasites, horse red cells and culture medium. Although the over-all SG infection rate for mature males starved for three, four or five days before infection was about half that for teneral males less than 48 hours old (8.0% v. 15.6%), males starved for four days developed infection rates (12.3%) that were comparable to those of teneral flies less than 24 hours old (11.8%). It is suggested that the acquisition of infection by mature flies should be considered when evaluating factors contributing either to maintenance of endemic infections or perhaps even epidemic infections of human sleeping sickness.
饥饿的成熟雄性采采蝇（21至25日龄）在摄入含有寄生虫、马红细胞和培养基的感染性食物后，能够以与不到24小时龄的新羽化雄性采采蝇几乎相当的速率发生布氏罗得西亚锥虫的唾液腺（SG）感染。尽管在感染前饥饿三天、四天或五天的成熟雄性采采蝇的总体SG感染率约为不到48小时龄的新羽化雄性采采蝇的一半（8.0%对15.6%），但饥饿四天的雄性采采蝇的感染率（12.3%）与不到24小时龄的新羽化采采蝇的感染率（11.8%）相当。这表明，在评估导致人类昏睡病地方流行感染或甚至可能是流行感染维持的因素时，应考虑成熟采采蝇获得感染的情况。
