The alternate schools and the self.

While Adler, Jung, Horney, and Sullivan varied in their definitions of the self played a central role in their theories. The alternate schools all refer to the subjective, creative, experiencing aspects of the psyche in their concepts of self. The thinking of scientists is intimately connected with their personality. The shape their theories take often can be shown to have connections with their early life. An attempt is made to illuminate the contributions made to Jung's theories by the circumstances of his early life.