Going R E, Hsu S C, Pollack R L, Haugh L D
J Am Dent Assoc. 1980 Jan;100(1):27-33. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.1980.0028.
Previous studies have produced conflicting reports about the possible relationship between the chewing and smoking of tobacco and the incidence of caries. This study identifies the total sugar and the fluoride concentrations of various forms of tobacco from different areas of the United States. This is the first part of an investigation of caries-promoting and caries-inhibiting substances in commercial tobacco products. The total sugar content of pouch and plug forms of tobacco was, on the average, highest, followed by decreasing concentration in the pipe, cigarette, cigar, and snuff forms of tobacco. Fluoride content of the plug and pouch forms of tobacco was highest, followed by cigar, snuff, pipe, and cigarette tobacco, respectively. Generally, nonsmoking forms of tobacco are most directly related to the potential promotion of caries. The total sugar content in the control tobacco leaves was comparable to that in cigars and snuff which have the least amount of sugar, whereas the fluoride content was similar to plug and pouch which have the highest amount of fluoride. Brands of snuff on average had the lowest concentrations of sugar (average 1.9%) and were among the products with the lowest fluoride content (average 0.26 ppm). Pouch and plug exceeded other forms in both sugar and fluoride content. Large variations in sugar and fluoride levels of tobacco products can exist form-to-form, store-to-store, brand-to-brand, and state-to-state. This may explain the diverse opinions of dental practitioners and investigators relative to the concept that tobacco increases or decreases dental caries.
先前的研究对于咀嚼烟草和吸食烟草与龋齿发病率之间的可能关系给出了相互矛盾的报告。本研究确定了来自美国不同地区的各种烟草形式中的总糖和氟化物浓度。这是对商业烟草制品中促龋和抑龋物质调查的第一部分。烟草的袋用和块用形式的总糖含量平均最高，其次是烟斗、卷烟、雪茄和鼻烟形式的烟草，其浓度逐渐降低。烟草的块用和袋用形式的氟化物含量最高，其次分别是雪茄、鼻烟、烟斗和卷烟烟草。一般来说，不吸烟的烟草形式与龋齿的潜在促发最直接相关。对照烟叶中的总糖含量与含糖量最少的雪茄和鼻烟中的相当，而氟化物含量与含氟量最高的块用和袋用烟草相似。鼻烟品牌的平均含糖量最低（平均1.9%），并且是氟化物含量最低的产品之一（平均0.26 ppm）。袋用和块用烟草在糖和氟化物含量方面均超过其他形式。烟草制品的糖和氟化物水平在形式与形式、商店与商店、品牌与品牌以及州与州之间可能存在很大差异。这可能解释了牙科从业者和研究人员对于烟草增加或减少龋齿这一概念的不同看法。
