Massler M
J Prosthet Dent. 1980 Mar;43(3):247-50. doi: 10.1016/0022-3913(80)90395-9.
Proper nutrition is essential to the health of the oral tissues, and healthy tissues enhance prosthodontic treatment of the elderly. All dentists should be prepared to offer dietary advice to this expanding population. Taste and smell are essential to proper nutrition. In the elderly the peripheral sensory receptors decline, causing the appetite to wane. Taste and aroma are inextricably intertwined in determining the palatability and acceptance of food. For example, during an upper respiratory infection, the olfactory receptors are blocked. Food becomes tasteless; it loses both flavor and aroma and the appetite declines. As a result of aging, the taste buds on the tongue and the olfactory receptors in the roof of the nasal cavity regress. In addition, the gustatory and olfactory nuclei in the brain decline, causing a reduction in appetite and diet.
适当的营养对口腔组织的健康至关重要，而健康的组织有助于老年人的口腔修复治疗。所有牙医都应准备好为这一不断增长的人群提供饮食建议。味觉和嗅觉对适当的营养至关重要。老年人的外周感觉感受器衰退，导致食欲下降。在决定食物的适口性和可接受性方面，味觉和香气紧密相连。例如，在上呼吸道感染期间，嗅觉感受器被阻断。食物变得无味；它失去了味道和香气，食欲也下降了。随着年龄的增长，舌头上的味蕾和鼻腔顶部的嗅觉感受器会退化。此外，大脑中的味觉和嗅觉核也会衰退，导致食欲和饮食减少。
