Lowe A A
Am J Orthod. 1980 Jul;78(1):89-98. doi: 10.1016/0002-9416(80)90042-1.
In order to investigate the correlations between genioglossus, masseter, and orbicularis oris muscle activity and craniofacial morphology, an electromyographic and cephalometric analysis was undertaken on a series of twenty-four human subjects. The activity from the muscles was recorded during voluntary opening movements of the mandible monitored by an electronic transducer. A computer-based method was devised to calculate the threshold incisor-separation position corresponding to a 20 percent increase in base line muscle activity for each of the muscles. In addition, twenty-seven anatmoic points were digitized from lateral head films, and a computer-based cephalometric analysis was completed for each subject. A number of significant correlations were found between the threshold muscle values and the thirty-one linear and angular morphologic variables. Low threshold values for the genioglossus muscle were correlated with negative overbites, undererupted maxillary and mandibular incisors, and low total face heights. Low threshold values for the masseter muscle were also associated with low overbite measurements. In contrast, orbicularis oris muscle thresholds did not appear to be correlated with any of the craniofacial variables measured. This interdependence of tongue and jaw muscle activity and facial morphology suggests a contribution of the musculature to the development and/or maintenance of the dentition.
为了研究颏舌肌、咬肌和口轮匝肌活动与颅面形态之间的相关性，对24名人类受试者进行了肌电图和头影测量分析。在下颌骨的自主开口运动过程中，通过电子传感器监测肌肉活动，并进行记录。设计了一种基于计算机的方法，来计算对应于每块肌肉基线肌肉活动增加20%时的阈值切牙分开位置。此外，从侧位头部X光片中获取了27个解剖点的数字化数据，并为每个受试者完成了基于计算机的头影测量分析。在阈值肌肉值与31个线性和角度形态学变量之间发现了许多显著的相关性。颏舌肌的低阈值与深覆合、上颌和下颌切牙萌出不足以及面部总高度较低有关。咬肌的低阈值也与低覆盖测量值有关。相比之下，口轮匝肌阈值似乎与所测量的任何颅面变量均无相关性。舌肌和颌肌活动与面部形态的这种相互依存关系表明，肌肉组织对牙列的发育和/或维持有一定作用。
