Burmeister L F
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1981 Mar;66(3):461-4.
Age-adjusted cancer mortality rates from 1971 to 1978 for male farmers and nonfarmers were computed from Iowa death certificate information. Only data for white males were included in the study because of the limited number of nonwhite farmers in Iowa and because of incomplete occupational information available on females. Mortalities from major types of cancer for farmers and nonfarmers were compared by means of proportionate mortality ratios (PMR). The combined mortality rate for all types of cancer was significantly lower for farmers (PMR = 0.97), due primarily to the significantly lower rates for smoking-related cancers: lung, PMR = 0.78; esophagus, PMR = 0.74; mouth other than lip, PMR = 0.82; and other respiratory cancers, PMR = 0.65. However, the mortality rates for the following cancers were significantly higher for farmers: lip, PMR = 1.62; stomach, PMR = 1.14; leukemia, PMR = 1.10; lymphatic, PMR = 1.14; multiple myeloma, PMR = 1.27; and prostate, PMR = 1.10. Each of the six types of cancer with a significantly elevated mortality in Iowa farmers has also been reported as having an elevated mortality in farmers in other states.
根据爱荷华州死亡证明信息计算了1971年至1978年男性农民和非农民的年龄调整癌症死亡率。由于爱荷华州非白人农民数量有限，且女性职业信息不完整，本研究仅纳入了白人男性的数据。通过比例死亡率（PMR）比较了农民和非农民主要癌症类型的死亡率。农民所有类型癌症的综合死亡率显著较低（PMR = 0.97），主要是因为与吸烟相关癌症的死亡率显著较低：肺癌，PMR = 0.78；食道癌，PMR = 0.74；唇以外的口腔癌，PMR = 0.82；以及其他呼吸道癌症，PMR = 0.65。然而，农民以下癌症的死亡率显著较高：唇癌，PMR = 1.62；胃癌，PMR = 1.14；白血病，PMR = 1.10；淋巴癌，PMR = 1.14；多发性骨髓瘤，PMR = 1.27；前列腺癌，PMR = 1.10。爱荷华州农民死亡率显著升高的六种癌症类型在其他州的农民中也被报告死亡率升高。
