Penumarthy L, Oehme F W
Toxicology. 1978 Aug;10(4):377-401. doi: 10.1016/0300-483x(78)90085-9.
Efficacy of whole blood, vitamin K-3 and vitamin K-1 treatment during warfarin feeding was investigated in rats and mice. Prolonged prothrombin times were observed in mice after 9--12 h of warfarin feeding. Prothrombin times greater than 300 sec were consistently observed in mice on continuous warfarin feeding and receiving whole blood or vitamin K-3 treatment. Withdrawal of warfarin resulted in normal prothrombin times after 96 h in mice receiving no treatment, 48--72 h on whole blood and 48 h in mice treated with 72 mg vitamin K-3/kg of body wt./day. Marked protection against warfarin induced hypoprothrombinemia and mortality occurred in mice treated with 5 mg vitamin K-1/kg/day. Treatment with 72 mg vitamin K-1/kg/day resulted in rapid alleviation of hypoprothrombinemia and prolonged protection against warfarin toxicosis. Intraperitoneal administration of 72 mg/kg/day of vitamin K-1 or vitamin K-3 were not toxic to mice. Mortality was consistently higher in mice given warfarin continually and in those receiving the greater number of treatments. Frequent handling appears to aggrevate warfarin toxicosis.
在大鼠和小鼠中研究了在给予华法林期间全血、维生素K-3和维生素K-1治疗的效果。给予华法林9至12小时后，在小鼠中观察到凝血酶原时间延长。持续给予华法林并接受全血或维生素K-3治疗的小鼠，凝血酶原时间持续大于300秒。停用华法林后，未接受治疗的小鼠在96小时后凝血酶原时间恢复正常，接受全血治疗的小鼠在48至72小时恢复正常，接受72毫克维生素K-3/千克体重/天治疗的小鼠在48小时恢复正常。接受5毫克维生素K-1/千克/天治疗的小鼠对华法林诱导的低凝血酶原血症和死亡率有显著保护作用。给予72毫克维生素K-1/千克/天治疗可迅速缓解低凝血酶原血症，并对华法林中毒有延长的保护作用。腹腔注射72毫克/千克/天的维生素K-1或维生素K-3对小鼠无毒。持续给予华法林的小鼠以及接受更多治疗的小鼠死亡率始终较高。频繁处理似乎会加重华法林中毒。
