Schlievert P M, Shands K N, Dan B B, Schmid G P, Nishimura R D
J Infect Dis. 1981 Apr;143(4):509-16. doi: 10.1093/infdis/143.4.509.
Toxic-shock syndrome (TSS) is believed to be caused by a toxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus. An exotoxin has been identified that is associated with strains of S. aureus isolated from patients with TSS. Coded strains of S. aureus were tested for the presence of the exotoxin by polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing. Sixty isolates of S. aureus were tested; 28 (100%) of 28 isolates from patients with TSS but only five (16%) of 32 control isolates produced the toxin (P much less than 0.001). This protein exotoxin, which was purified by differential precipitation with ethanol and thin-layer isoelectric focusing, had an isoelectric point of 7.2. When tested by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the toxin migrated as a homogeneous protein with a molecular weight of 22,000. The exotoxin produced fever in rabbits and enhanced susceptibility to lethal shock caused by endotoxin. Other biologic properties of the exotoxin included lymphocyte mitogenicity and the capacity to suppress synthesis of IgM antibody to sheep erythrocytes.
中毒性休克综合征（TSS）被认为是由金黄色葡萄球菌产生的一种毒素引起的。已鉴定出一种外毒素，它与从TSS患者分离出的金黄色葡萄球菌菌株有关。通过聚丙烯酰胺凝胶等电聚焦法检测了金黄色葡萄球菌的编码菌株是否存在外毒素。检测了60株金黄色葡萄球菌；28株来自TSS患者的分离株中有28株（100%）产生了毒素，但32株对照分离株中只有5株（16%）产生了毒素（P远小于0.001）。这种蛋白质外毒素通过乙醇分级沉淀和薄层等电聚焦进行纯化，其等电点为7.2。通过十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测时，该毒素作为一种分子量为22000的单一蛋白质迁移。该外毒素可使兔子发热，并增强对内毒素所致致死性休克的易感性。该外毒素的其他生物学特性包括淋巴细胞促有丝分裂活性以及抑制针对绵羊红细胞的IgM抗体合成的能力。
